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Kinephone. Circa 1925. Essentially zoetrope/phenakistiscope disks designed to be played and viewed on a gramophone turntable.
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Chromolithographic Loops. 1907-1912. These short loops (below) were manufactured in Germany for Ernst Plank magic lanterns equipped with a maltese cross/geneva gear and a simple shutter mechanism. They were meant for children and used chromolithographic printing to achieve early color film projection.
https://filmcolors.org/timeline-entry/13823/
http://www.thepromiseofcinema.com/
https://filmcolors.org/timeline-entry/13823/
http://www.thepromiseofcinema.com/
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Emile Reynaud
Praxinoscope Theatré Strips c. 1890
Praxinoscope Theatré Strips c. 1890
Ernst Plank
Kinematofor Strips c. 1890
Kinematofor Strips c. 1890
Emile Reynaud
Praxinoscope Strips c 1875
Praxinoscope Strips c 1875
Video of Chromolithographic Loops